In addition to these moves in the regulation of blood, the Bureau quickly proposed revisions to the licensing standards for blood plasma, the source for various products including gamma globulins, antihemophilic factor, and serum albumin. Also, as mentioned earlier, previously only about 500 interstate blood banks were regulated by the federal government; the 6000-7000 intrastate blood banks operated with little to no oversight. The Bureau invoked authorities under the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to apply to all blood collection and processing centers. Blood banks and other blood collection facilities now had to be registered and inspected. Plasmapheresis centers (sites where blood is collected, the plasma is separated from the red blood cells, the latter are returned to the patient, and the plasma either treated and returned or repurposed) had to be licensed and inspected. Nearly 6000 establishments were registered in the first 15 months, and Bureau and Bureau-trained field office personnel inspected about 1000. The Bureau trained FDA field investigators such that the latter were able to take over the inspection responsibilities of the nearly 250 plasmapheresis facilities by 1977. Two years earlier, FDA for the first time revoked a biologics establishment license for cause, a recidivist plasmapheresis firm. In 1977, FDA pursued its first criminal prosecution of a plasmapheresis firm. In this case, the corporation was charged with providing false documents to FDA, intentional and non-intentional violations of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act by adulterating and misbranding plasma, and violation of the Public Health Service Act by misbranding a biological product. A jury found the three charged officers of the firm guilty. Each was sentenced to 18-24 months in prison and their company fined $27,000. The plasmapheresis center and its ancillary facilities were enjoined and closed.